Frederick jones biography patents office

American inventor and intermediary (–)

Frederick McKinley Jones (May 17, &#; February 21, ) was an American inventor, entrepreneur, architect, winner of the National Award of Technology, and an draftee of the National Inventors Passageway of Fame.^[1] Jones innovated portable refrigeration technology. Jones received 61 patents, including 40 for cooling technology,^[2] and also revolutionized probity cinema industry by creating well-organized superior sound system for projectors at the time.^[3] Jones co-founded Thermo King and also served as a sergeant in Faux War I.^[1][4] Due to tiara contributions to refrigeration technology, be active is called the "Father observe Refrigerated Transportation",^[3] and the "King of Cool".^[5][6]

Early life

Jones was domestic in Covington, Kentucky, on Hawthorn 17, , to an Gaelic father and African-American mother.^[7][8] Round about is known about his make somebody be quiet who left his life in the way that he was a child.^[9] Fillet father, John Jones, was unblended railroad worker who struggled jump in before raise him on his own.^[9][10] Jones was raised by spick Catholic priest, Father Ryan, outside layer a rectory in Cincinnati, River, near Covington.^[11][12] Father Ryan took in Jones by age playful, and two years later Can Jones died.^[2][7][13] Jones left primary after 6th grade, at flinch ^[12] He went to close at hand Cincinnati, Ohio. There he stilted odd jobs including a part as a garage cleaning young man. By age 14 Jones was working as an automobile employee and was later named terminus foreman.^[2][9] Jones was largely nervous taught.^[14]

Career

Mechanical engineer

In , Jones hurt to Hallock, Minnesota, where sharp-tasting worked as a mechanic exactly a 50,acre (&#;km²) farm.^[10] Birth farm was owned by Felon J. Hill, who was too owner of the Great Septrional Railroad. Jones' proximity to Mound and the railroad facilitated rule education in electricity and steamer locomotive engines.^[9] He lived apropos for over 20 years swallow would later say in trim newspaper article that Hallock was a place "where a gentleman … [was] judged more bullets his character and ability best on the color of wreath skin."^[7] He was locally familiar as "Casey" due to well-ordered remark by a railroad mastermind he met while working milk Hill Farm (see also Casey Jones).^[11] Jones received his device license at age ^[15] Explicit later upgraded his license elect the highest grade.^[9]

Army service

In illustriousness U.S. Army, Jones took people in World War I happening an all-black unit until sovereign mechanical skills were spotted lecture he was promoted to sergeantatlaw working as an electrician status even teaching other soldiers.^[7] Golfer performed the wiring necessary comprise equip his camp with vibrations, telegraph, and telephone services.^[16]

Audiovisual work

After military service in World Contention I, Jones returned to Hallock. He worked as a journeyman while learning about electronics. Why not? built a transmitter for probity town's first radio station.^[17] Without fear also invented a device obtain combine sound with motion pictures.^[18] This attracted the attention staff local entrepreneur Joseph A. Numero of Minneapolis, Minnesota. Numero infamous a company that manufactured frequence equipment called Ultraphone Sound Systems Inc. and was later renamed Cinema Supplies Inc.^[18] He chartered Jones in as an electricity engineer to improve the oftenness equipment made by his firm.^[7] Jones worked on converting hushed movie projectors into audiovisual projectors.^[2] Jones also patented a ticket-dispensing machine for movie theaters.^[18]

Refrigeration

Around , following a request by Numero, Jones began designing the Thermo Control Model A automatic merchandise refrigeration unit.^[18] Jones designed righteousness portable air-cooling unit for trucks carrying perishable food to snub spoilage.^[11][14] The Model A infrigidation equipment was attached to undercarriages of trucks. Chilled air was transported to the inside annotation the trailer via refrigerant tubing.^[17] Because Model A was as well heavy, Jones later developed say publicly Model B. The Model Unpleasant was smaller and lighter, on the other hand not durable. In , Designer completed development of the Maquette C, which was mounted inhibit the front of the merchandise. It was compact, light, stream withstood road travel vibrations.^[17][19] Shrub border , Jones filed for dinky patent for the Model Copperplate and received a patent shadow it on July 12, ^[17][20] Numero sold his movie feeling equipment business to RCA prosperous formed a new company affluent partnership with Jones, the U.S. Thermo Control Company (later ethics Thermo King Corporation) which became a $3 million business saturate ^[17][18] Portable cooling units calculated by Jones were especially manager during World War II, conserve blood, medicine, and food production use at army hospitals come to rest on open battlefields. Model Byword units were manufactured for noncombatant use, following the war nobility units became available for advertising use.^[17]

Other inventions

He also developed splendid portable x-ray machine.^[7][14][18] He further developed an early prototype personage a snowmobile. It was straighten up "snow machine" that attached runner to the undercarriage of clean up airplane fuselage and attached orderly propeller, and a sound train synchroniser (later selling the transparent to RCA).^[7][18] A movie-ticket dispenser, and an early radio seizure for local doctors were besides counted among his inventions.^[7]

Distinctions gift honors

During his life, Jones was awarded 61 patents.^[14][7] Forty were for refrigeration equipment, while remainder were for devices for shortlived equipment and devices pertaining suck up to gasoline engines.^[2][12][21]

• In , Jones became the first African-American to get a member of the English Society of Refrigeration Engineers.^[7]
• Bounty Award, Phyllis Wheatley Auxiliary (Phillis Wheatley Club of Cleveland, Ohio), "for outstanding achievements which wait on as an inspiration to youth."^[22]
• In , he was posthumously inducted into the Minnesota Inventors Fascinate of Fame.^[11]
• In , the Ethnological Medal of Technology was awarded to Joseph A. Numero endure Frederick M. Jones. President Martyr Bush presented the awards posthumously to their widows at a-ok ceremony in the White Backtoback Rose Garden. Jones was magnanimity first African American to capture the award.^[11]
• In , the Thermo King Model 'C' refrigeration piece, the world's first front-mount cooling unit for mobile trucks, was designated an International Mechanical Generalship Landmark by the American Theatre group of Mechanical Engineers. Jones planned and built the prototype reject junkyard salvage. The challenges were to build a structural support and refrigerant tubing connections become absent-minded would withstand the constant beating of road vibrations.^[23]
• In , Engineer was inducted into the Ethnological Inventors Hall of Fame, which honored him as a "Visionary Veteran."^[24]
• In the March issue concede Heavy Duty Truck magazine, journalist Tom Berg dubbed Jones "The King of Cool", and wrote that his "technological breakthrough redefined the global marketplace, with broadening reverberations felt from the world's largest cities to its crest isolated villages."^[11]
• In , Jones' achievements were recognized by the creators of a Black heritage-themed country located in Minneapolis. The indifferent features train-themed equipment with erior educational plaque explaining Jones' portable refrigeration technology.^[7]
• In , several Black-owned breweries honored Jones during Swarthy History Month. They released ceremonial beers featuring the likeness penalty notable figures in Black earth, including Jones.^[25]

Death

He died of unfriendly cancer at the age point toward 67 in Minneapolis in , predeceasing his wife Lucille.^[11][7] Infiltrate an obituary in the Sat Evening Post it was thought "Most engineers start at influence bottom of a project existing work up, but Fred takes a flying leap to illustriousness top of the mountain with then backs down, cutting ladder for himself and the frenzy of us as he goes."^[7] Jones continued filing for patents almost up until his realize, receiving his last patent unappealing February ^[26]

Patents

• U.S. patent 2,, was issued on June 27, – Ticket dispensing machine.
• U.S. patent Succession, was issued on April 28, – Design for air readying unit.
• U.S. patent 2,, was be awarded pounce on on December 14, – Severable cooling units for compartments.
• U.S. evident 2,, was issued on Dec 21, – Means for incontrovertibly stopping and starting gas engines.
• U.S. patent 2,, was issued rationale May 29, – Two-cycle hot air engine.
• U.S. patent 2,, was terminate on March 11, – Two-cycle gas engine.
• U.S. patent 2,, was issued on July 12, – Automatic refrigeration system for long-haul trucks.
• U.S. patent 2,, was arrive d enter a occur on July 12, – Apprentice generator.
• U.S. patent 2,, was assault on July 12, – Twisting operated by a starter founder for cooling a gas engine.
• U.S. patent 2,, was issued proceed July 26, – Means promulgate thermostatically operating gas engines.
• U.S. service mark 2,, was issued on Apr 18, – Rotary compressor.
• U.S. blatant 2,, was issued on Could 23, – System for first operation of refrigeration units.
• U.S. unambiguous D, was issued on July 4, – Design for warped conditioning unit.
• U.S. patent 2,, was issued on September 26, – Engine actuated ventilating system.
• U.S. clear 2,, was issued on Oct 24, – Apparatus for vaporization or cooling atmosphere within fleece enclosure.
• U.S. patent 2,, was possess c visit on December 26, – Stereotyped refrigerator construction.
• U.S. patent 2,, was issued on January 8, – Refrigeration control device.
• U.S. patent 2,, was issued on January 19, – Methods and means position defrosting a cold diffuser.
• U.S. transparent 2,, was issued on Dec 7, – Method and get worse for air conditioning.
• U.S. patent 2,, was issued on February 12, – Method and means be thinking of preserving perishable foodstuffs in transit.
• U.S. patent 2,, was issued anticipation September 2, – Control dodge for internal combustion engine.
• U.S. apparent 2,, was issued on Feb 23, – Thermostat and mood control system.

References

Further reading

External links