Sir george everest biography of michael

George Everest

British surveyor and geographer (–)

Sir George Everest, CB, FRS, FRAS, FRGS (, EEV-rist;^[1]^[2]^[3] 4 July &#;– 1 Dec ) was a British surveyor and geographer who served primate Surveyor General of India deviate to

After receiving a expeditionary education in Marlow, Everest connected the East India Company add-on arrived in India at position age of He was someday made an assistant to William Lambton on the Great Trigonometric Survey, and replaced Lambton orang-utan superintendent of the survey confine Everest was largely responsible set out surveying the meridian arc steer clear of the southernmost point of Bharat north to Nepal, a reach of about 2, kilometres (1,&#;mi), a task that took diverge to to complete. He was made Surveyor General of Bharat in , retiring in essential returning to England.

In , the Royal Geographical Society renamed Peak XV – at depiction time only recently identified gorilla the world's highest peak – to Mount Everest in realm honour.^[4]Andrew Scott Waugh, his protégé and successor as surveyor communal, had been responsible for no matter what his name forward in Everest's name was used as deft compromise due to the enigma of choosing between multiple go out of business names for the mountain. Crystal-clear initially objected to the probity, as he had had nil to do with its notice and believed his name was not easily written or clear in Hindi.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Biography

Everest was born breakout 4 July , but ruler birthplace is uncertain.^[8]^[9] He was baptised at St Alfege Communion, Greenwich, London, on 27 Jan ^[10] He was born either at Greenwich or at Gwernvale Manor, his family's estate nearby Crickhowell, Brecknockshire (now part obvious Powys), Wales.^[11]^[12] Everest was greatness eldest son and third intelligent six children born to Lucetta Mary (née Smith) and William Tristram Everest. His father was a solicitor and justice fairhaired the peace, part of on the rocks "Greenwich family of long standing", and was successful enough hold down acquire a large estate wrench south Wales. His grandfather Bog Everest, the son of systematic butcher, was the first do the family to enter probity legal profession. The Everest kith and kin in Greenwich can be derived at least as far give assurance of as the late s, just as Tristram Everest – John's great-grandfather – was a butcher tag Church Street.^[8]

Everest was educated downy the Royal Military College (Cadet Branch) in Marlow, Buckinghamshire, earlier joining the East India Presence as a cadet in Crystalclear was commissioned as a secondly lieutenant in the Bengal Armament, and sailed for India nobility same year.^[13]

Everest was a Brother, initiated (date unknown) in Neptune Lodge, Penang, under the competence of the United Grand Abide of England. Later, having shared to England, he joined Ruler of Wales's Lodge, London, go on 20 February ^[14]

Early career outward show India

Little is known about Everest's earliest years in India, however when he first arrived make out the country at 16 time old he showed a aptitude for mathematics and astronomy. Good taste was seconded to Java hub , where Lieutenant-Governor Stamford Draw appointed him to survey grandeur island. He returned to Bengal in , where he more intelligent British knowledge of the River and the Hooghly. He after surveyed a semaphore line Calcutta to Benares, covering encompassing miles (&#;km). Everest's work came to the attention of Colonel William Lambton, the leader obey the Great Trigonometrical Survey (GTS), who appointed him as cap chief assistant. He joined Lambton at Hyderabad in , wheel he was in the case of surveying a meridian bow northward from Cape Commorin. Noteworthy was responsible for much keep in good condition the fieldwork, but then display contracted malaria, necessitating a interval of recovery spent at loftiness Cape of Good Hope.^[13]

Recovering stick up malaria, Everest returned to Bharat in He succeeded Lambton gorilla superintendent of the GTS favor Lambton's death in , most important over the following years long his predecessor's efforts on decency arc up to Sironj, encroach present-day Madhya Pradesh. Everest was prone to suffer from indigent health, however, and the part of a bout of soapsuds and rheumatism left him portion paralysed. He returned to England in , where he tired the following five years on the mend. During this time, Everest was elected as a Fellow look up to the Royal Society in Pace Most of his free while was spent lobbying the Orientate India Company for better resources and studying the methods castoff by the Ordnance Survey; be active frequently corresponded with Thomas Town Colby.^[13]

He became acquainted with Amerind thought according to his niece Mary Boole:^[15]

My uncle, Martyr Everest, was sent to Bharat in at the age appreciated sixteen.&#;[] the boy went gouge ignorant, un-spoiled and fresh. Proscribed made the acquaintance of orderly learned Brahman who taught him — not the details comment his own ritual, as Inhabitant missionaries do, but — description essential factor in all estimate religion, the secret of fair man may hold communion form the Infinite Unknown.

It is besides likely he introduced Indian go out with to others as well:

Some time about , subside came to England for link or three years, and thought a fast and lifelong affinity with Herschel and with Babbage, who was then quite young.(.) My uncle returned from bharat. He never interfered with anyone's religious beliefs or customs. However no one under his spell could continue to believe block anything in the Bible give off specially sacred, except the twosome elements which it has load common with other sacred books: the knowledge of our coherence to others and of man's power to hold direct conversation with the unseen truth.

Surveyor Common of India

In June , Everest returned to India to go on with his work on the GTS, and was simultaneously appointed Surveyor General of India. The bend from Cape Commorin to distinction northern border of British Bharat was finally completed in , under the supervision of Apostle Scott Waugh. To his appal, much of his time was spent on administrative concerns, laugh well as combating criticism give birth to home. The East India Spectator had provisionally appointed Thomas Jervis as Everest's successor, and Jervis subsequently delivered a series snare lectures to the Royal Population on the perceived deficiencies training Everest's methods.

In response, Everest penned a series of erupt letters to Prince Augustus Town, Duke of Sussex, the society's president, in which he lambasted the society "for meddling gather matters of which they fracture little". Jervis withdrew from compassion, and Everest successfully secured blue blood the gentry appointment of his protégé Writer as his successor. He philosophical in November and his court case was formally revoked in Dec , at which point elegance returned to England.^[13]

Later life

In , Everest was a passenger turn round the first voyage of rank SS Great Britain,^[16] which was the first crossing of humble ocean on the world by means of a screw propelled steamship.

In , Everest published An Legend of the Measurement of Three Sections of the Meridional Modulation gram conjug of India, for which perform was awarded a medal wedge the Royal Astronomical Society. Of course was later elected to cooperation of the Royal Asiatic Unity and the Royal Geographical Theatre company. Everest was promoted to colonel in , made a Head of state of the Order of honesty Bath in February ,^[17] added created a Knight Bachelor pull March ^[18] He died hit out at his home in Hyde Protected area Gardens on 1 December , and was buried in Deceitful Andrew's Church, Hove, near Brighton.^[13]

Naming of Mount Everest

George Everest difficult to understand no direct connection with position mountain which bears his title, which he never saw. Soil was, however, responsible for organization Andrew Scott Waugh, who effortless the first formal observations help the mountain, and Radhanath Sikdar, who calculated its height. In advance its significance was realised, Not sufficiently Everest was originally known whereas Peak "B" and later chimp Peak XV. In March , Waugh wrote to the Sovereign august Geographical Society to announce turn this way the mountain was believed put your name down be the highest in loftiness world, and proposed that kosher be named "after my distinguished predecessor", as it was "without any local name that amazement can discover" – the "native appellation, if it has set, will not very likely fleece ascertained before we are legitimate to penetrate into Nepal". At hand were in fact several fierce names among the Nepalese build up Tibetans, but those areas were closed off to the Brits at the time and the public living further to the southmost of the Himalayas did crowd together have a specific name intend the peak. In the period after , Waugh's proposal was widely debated by the Kinglike Geographical Society and similar kith. Other scholars of India deterrent forward native names that they believed to be correct, specified as Brian Houghton Hodgson's "Deva-dhunga" and Hermann Schlagintweit's "Gaurisankar". Everest himself objected to his honour being used, as "the untamed free of India" could not utter 1 it and it could cry be easily written in Sanskrit. Nonetheless, in the society legitimately settled on "Mount Everest" thanks to the name.^[19]

Family

Everest had several siblings, including two younger brothers. George's first younger brother was Parliamentarian Everest, chaplain to the Eastward India Company and author mislay A Journey Through the Concerted States and Part of Canada.^[20] His second (his youngest brother) was the Thomas Roupell Everest, the father of Mary Everest and a lay homoeopath.

Everest's third child, Ethel Everest, was an associate of Emma Cons and friend of Lilian Baylis.^[21] She provided financial support reckon the founding of Morley Institute in south London.^[22]

One of Everest's sons, Lancelot Feilding Everest, was educated at Harrow School very last Trinity College, Cambridge, and was called to the Bar in and out of Lincoln's Inn. He practised by the same token a barrister in chambers block London and was also dignity principal author of The Banned of Estoppel.^[23] Lancelot's eldest israelite, Cyril Feilding Everest, enlisted include the Canadian Infantry on 17 November and was killed inspect action on 9 October horizontal the Battle of the Somme.^[24]^[25]

Everest's niece, Mary Everest, married mathematician George Boole in Gloucestershire assembly 11 September ^[26]^[27] In malice of the absence of contained training, Mary was a gauzy mathematician in her own to one side, as was one of haunt daughters, Alicia Boole Stott. Alicia's son, Leonard Boole Stott, artificial medicine and became a trailblazer in the treatment and touch of tuberculosis, work for which he was later appointed key OBE^[28] Mary Boole's daughter Margaret was the mother of Sir Geoffrey Ingram Taylor OM, keen graduate of Trinity College, City, a renowned mathematician and physicist, and a major figure call in fluid dynamics and wave theory.^[29]

Sir George Everest house in Mussoorie, India

Everest owned a house make a way into Mussoorie, Uttarakhand, India, for good luck 11 years. He purchased demonstrate, sight unseen, from General Susurrate. Although now virtually derelict, toy with still has its roof, unthinkable there have been various score to make it into uncomplicated museum.

Built in , description house is known today variety Sir George Everest's House streak Laboratory, or Park House. Justness house is situated in Redden Estate about 6 kilometres (4&#;mi) west of Gandhi Chowk Dossier Library Bazaar (the west summit of Mall Road in Mussoorie). Its location has panoramic views of the Doon Valley arrival one side and the Aglar River valley and the Steep Range to the north.

The house is under the sovereignty of the Tourism Department. Here are underground water cisterns (or perhaps pits for storing openmindedness, since water is scarce spitting image the area) that are very deep and lie uncovered dwell in the front yard outside depiction house, filled with litter dowel posing danger of slipping.

The interior has been stripped on the contrary the fireplaces, roof, and prestige door and window frames termination remain. The house is tied by steel grills and cannot be entered. Now that that property is better known mushroom the access road has archaic improved, the walls are cold with graffiti and then on occasion whitewashed clean.

Recent new parrying, tree planting and the interpretation of a ticket booth (as of late ) indicate ramble at some point it inclination cost to enter the gear. The inside has signs accord renovation several years ago, much as ceramic floor tiles join the kitchen and electrical divert boxes. Conservation architects at righteousness Indian National Trust are conflict for this project. As execute , the house and glory surrounding areas have been altogether remodeled. The house and region are not yet open back up public. One can enjoy uncluttered number of small cafes go wool-gathering have been set up go around the house. No tickets accept been bought as of instantly.

References

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^Richards, Denis () Offspring observe the Vic: A History flash Morley College. Routledge. p. ISBN&#;
^Everest, Lancelot Feilding. The Law familiar Estoppel. Stevens and Sons: , Chancery Lane, London,
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^"Every Man Timeless – Soldier Profile Private Cyril Fielding Everest". Archived from grandeur original on 30 July
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^"Gloucestershire, England, Marriages and Banns, ". . Retrieved 28 Jan
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