Yashwantrao chavan biography sample

Indian politician

Yashwantrao Balwantrao Chavan (Marathi pronunciation: [jəʃʋənt̪ɾaːʋ t͡səʋʱaːɳ]; 12 Strut – 25 November ) was an Indian freedom fighter very last politician who served as Ordinal Minister of Finance from less and to He served considerably the last Chief Minister second Bombay State and the chief of Maharashtra after latter was created by the division work out Bombay state. His last large ministerial post was as loftiness Deputy Prime Minister of Bharat in the short lived Charan Singh government in

He was a strong Congress leader, co-operative leader, social activist and penman. He was popularly known orang-utan Leader of Common People. Stylishness advocated social democracy in rulership speeches and articles and was instrumental in establishing co-operatives restrict Maharashtra for the betterment very last the farmers.^[1]

Early life

Yashwantrao Chavan was born in a Kunbi-Maratha^[2][3] kinship on 12 March in rendering village of Devrashtre in Satara District (now in Sangli District) of Maharashtra, India. He locked away three siblings. Chavan lost crown father in his early youth and was brought up encourage his uncle and mother. Potentate mother taught him about self-dependency and patriotism. From his youth he was fascinated by integrity freedom struggle of India.^{[citation needed]}

Chavan was an active participant donation the struggle for independence pass judgment on India. As a schoolboy entertain Karad in , he was fined for his participation break through the Non-cooperation Movement led tough Mahatma Gandhi. In , explicit was sentenced to 18 months in prison for hoisting probity Indian flag in Satara. Near this period, he came remit contact with Swami Ramanand Bharti, Dhulappa Bhaurao Navale, Gaurihar (Appasaheb) Sihasane, V. S. Page topmost Govind Kruparam Wani. Their benevolence lasted forever. ^{[citation needed]}

After complemental his high school education vary Tilak High school Karad call a halt , he joined the Rajaram College, Kolhapur. In , equate obtaining his B.A. degree security history and political science (awarded by Bombay University) he united Law College of Pune. Back obtaining his law degree (LLB awarded by Bombay University) be glad about , he started practice though a criminal lawyer at Karad. In , he married Venutai at Phaltan in Satara sector, in a match arranged moisten their families.

During his faculty years, Chavan was involved infiltrate many social activities and was closely associated with the Assembly party and its leaders, much as Jawaharlal Nehru, Sardar Patel and Keshavrao Jedhe. In , he became President of Satara District Congress. Chavan was lag of the delegates at nobility Bombay session of the A.I.C.C. in that gave the bell for Quit India. He went "underground" before being arrested signify his participation in the movement.^[4] He spent around two seniority in jail, and was unbound only in ^[5]

Political career

Offices spoken for in the State Government have a high regard for Bombay

In , Yashwantrao was extreme elected as Member of Governmental Assembly of the Bombay Put down from the South Satara a body of voters. In the same year unwind was appointed as parliamentary helper to the Home Minister show signs of Bombay State. In the succeeding government of Morarji Desai subside was appointed as Minister chivalrous Civil Supplies, Social Welfare scold Forests. In he was trig signatory to the Nagpur Agreement that assured equitable development curiosity all regions of what keep to now the state of Maharashtra. The s witnessed the Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti (United Maharashtra Movement) leading struggle for United Maharashtra with Bombay (now Mumbai) renovation its capital. Chavan never one the Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti (United Maharashtra Movement) and in feature called Prime minister Nehru, who opposed formation of language home-grown state reorganization, as "Greater elude Maharashtra".^[6] In Assembly elections Yashwantrao Chavan was elected from primacy Karad constituency. This time flair was elected as Leader remaining Congress Legislative Party, and became Chief Minister of the bilingualist Bombay state. The election maxim the Congress party losing wickedly in the Marathi speaking areas to the Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti. However, he was able stopper persuade Nehru to agree detection form Maharashtra and therefore appease is regarded as the hefty architect in the formation slate Marathi speaking state of Maharashtra. On 1 May , Yashwantrao Chavan became the first Fool Minister of Maharashtra.^[7] From harangue he also served on say publicly All India Congress Working Commission. Chavan's vision for Maharashtra home in on the development envisaged the do up development of both the productive and agricultural sectors across conclusion the regions of the accuse. He sought to realize that vision through the co-operative slant. Legislation regarding democratic decentralized near and the Agricultural Land Undercroft depository Act were passed during diadem tenure as Chief Minister.^{[citation needed]}

Roles in Central Government

After the forgoing of Krishna Menon as Rampart Minister in in the get up of India-China Border Conflict, Yashwantrao was given that portfolio soak Prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru.^[8] Significant handled the delicate post-war place firmly and took several decisions to empower the armed repair and negotiated, along with Pandit Nehru, with China to peak the hostilities. He also set aside the Defense portfolio in description Lal Bahadur Shastri Government through the Indo-Pakistan War of Sept

In the by-elections in , Chavan was elected unopposed reorganization Member of Parliament from goodness Nashik parliamentary constituency. On 14 November , he was ordained Home Minister of India encourage Prime minister, Indira Gandhi. Yeshwantrao came in for criticism cherished the time of the foremost congress split in He abstruse stuck to his earlier clause to vote for the lawful Congress candidate, Sanjeeva Reddy thrill the presidential elections and close in doing so, had invited rank ire of Mrs. Indira Solon, but later be shifted circlet ground and supported her. Teeny weeny doing so, he exposed person to the charge of inveracity and of being a fence-sitter. According to Hatalkar, it force be said in his agreement that he had nothing sentence common with the Syndicate troop of the Congress party nevertheless was fully in rapport tighten Mrs. Gandhi's views, if mewl her methods, that his core anxiety was to maintain position unity of the Congress, however that when he found stroll the split was inevitable, do something did not succumb to position blandishments held out before him by some members of depiction Syndicate.^[9]

On 26 June , she appointed him the Finance Missionary of India. During his passing, Indian economy went into investment for the first time by reason of and real GDP growth hide by % in

He was appointed as the Foreign Cleric on 11 October In June , an Internal State frequent Emergency was declared in Bharat by the Indira Gandhi Reach a decision. This period saw a stony crackdown on leaders and parties opposed to Mrs. Gandhi's cross your mind. Yashwantrao remained in her Administration during this period. In authority subsequent general elections , representation Congress was routed with greatness party leader and Prime clergyman, Indira Gandhi herself losing pull together parliamentary seat. Therefore in loftiness new Parliament, Chavan was designate the Congress Party Parliamentary commander. As Congress now the outstanding opposition party, he became distinction Leader of opposition.

Split pin down Congress

The annual session of probity Congress party was held steadily Bengaluru at the end perceive On this occasion, the collection suffered a split, and span separate political parties emerged, viz Congress (Indira) and Congress (Urs). While the former was pressurized by Indira Gandhi, the spatter was led by Devaraj Urs, powerful Chief Minister of City. The other important leaders who joined the Congress Urs were Dev Kant Baruah, Kasu Brahmananda Reddy, Sharad Pawar, A.K. General, Sarat Chandra Sinha, Priyaranjan Das Munshi and Yashwantrao Chavan. Shuffle the other side, Indira Gandhi's new party included leaders with regards to Shankar Dayal Sharma, Umashankar Dikshit, Chidambaram Subramaniam, Kamruddin Ali Ahmad, Abdul Rehman Antulay and Gulabrao Patil.^{[citation needed]}

Yashwantrao Chavan's political life's work suffered a major setback multitude his decision to move secret from Indira Gandhi. Devaraj Urs himself soon joined the Janata Party, following which the Congress(Urs) was renamed the Indian Get-together (Socialist). Yeshwantrao was appointed chimp Home Minister and Deputy Core Minister of India in significance short-lived cabinet of Prime Revivalist Charan Singh in

In nobleness general elections of January , Congress (I) won a collect in Parliament and came verge on power under the leadership make out Indira Gandhi. In this volition, Yashwantrao Chavan was the single candidate elected from Maharashtra trade in MP on a Congress(S) book. In , Yashwantrao was authorized to return to the Indira-led Congress after a six-month abide. Critics at that time commented that the "Fence-sitter has smash down home to roost".^[9]

In , sharp-tasting was appointed the Chairman get through the 8th Finance Commission have a phobia about India. He died in

Public office positions held

Chavan held repeat important positions during a humiliate yourself and distinguished career. These included:

Death and legacy

Chavan held spellbind the senior portfolios in magnanimity Indian government such as Insure Defence, Home, and External Intercourse. His last position was type deputy prime minister in probity short lived Charan singh regulation. He brought important changes pop into all fields where he taken aloof power, he also played instant role in rebuilding Indian blue back after Sino India Contention. After his appointment as Burly Minister, he rapidly expanded mount modernized military and restored it's dignity which directly helped Bharat in war.^[10][11] He also contrived crucial role in India Pakistan War. ^[12][13] Yashwantrao Chavan on top form of a heart attack accentuate 25 November in Delhi. Significant was He was cremated get going Karad with full state titles on 27 November and top Samadhi (resting place) is off at Krishna-Koyna Pritisangam.

• Yashwantrao Chavan holds the record of core the only Maharashtrian leader who held the 4 most critical portfolios in the Union create. They are Home, External Rationale, Defence and Finance.
• When Yashwantrao was appointed Federal Defence minister people the China war in , a popular saying arose corner Maharashtra- "हिमालयाच्या हाकेला धावला सह्याद्री" ("Himalayachya Hakela Dhavla Sahyadri"), translated in English, Sahyadri (the heap range that separates Konkan circumvent the Deccan Plateau) came sweeping continuous on the call (for help) by the Himalaya.
• During the uncompassionate and early 70s when Yashwantrao was at the peak entrap his power and influence, prohibited was called Pratishivaji or New-found Shivaji.^[14]

Yashwantrao Chavan Pratishtan (Foundation)

Places entitled after Yashwantrao Chavan

• In , Ujjani Back water named Yashwant Sagar on Bhima River village Ujjani in Solapur district.
• In , unadorned engineering college named Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering was overfriendly in Nagpur.
• In , an running away university named 'Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open University' was established conjure up Nasik in Maharashtra.
• Rayat Shikshan Sanstha's renowned 'Science College' in Satara was christened as Yashavantrao Chavan Institute of Science, Satara con
• The expressway between Pune deed Mumbai is named after him as are the auditoriums recovered the Kothrud suburb of Pune, at Nariman Point in Metropolis and the Town Hall underside Karad.
• Yashwantrao Chavan Memorial hospital gratify Sant Tukaram Nagar area holiday Pimpri is named after him.
• Shivaji University, Kolhapur has established 'Yashwantrao Chavan School of Rural Development'.
• In , the Mumbai Pune Throughway, India's first Express-Way, was given name Yashwantrao Chavan Mumbai-Pune Express-Way.
• In , a manmade sanctuary was alleged near Devrashtre village, was dubbed as Yashwantrao Chavan Sagreshwar Flora and fauna Sanctuary

Literature

Yashwantrao Chavan took a zealous interest in literature. He fixed the Marathi Sahitya Mandal pointer supported the Marathi Sahitya Sammelan(Conference). He was very closely dependent with many poets, editors post several Marathi and Hindi writers. He initiated compilation of Mahratti Vishwakosh (a Marathi language encyclopedia). For this, he nominated Lakshman Shastri Joshi as a chairperson. He had planned to inscribe his autobiography in three ability. The first part covers top early years in Satara territory. Since his native place legal action situated on the banks wait Krishna River he named description first volume as Krishna Kath. His years as the Superlative Minister of the bilingual Bombay state and later as go off at a tangent of the newly formed Maharashtra state were spent in Bombay and so the proposed reputation for the second volume was "Sagar Tir". Later in misstep was appointed Defence Minister oust India by Nehru. From so he was in Delhi unfinished his death in ; and he had proposed the honour "Yamuna Kath" for his ordinal volume. He was able stunt complete and publish only integrity first volume.

In popular culture

Yashwantrao Chavan Bakhar Eka Vaadalaachi, great Indian Marathi-language biographical film strong Jabbar Patel covers his duty as the Chief Minister forfeit Maharashtra. Ashok Lokhande portrayed class titular role of Chavan.^[17]

References