Antony armstrong-jones work

Antony Armstrong-Jones, 1st Earl of Snowdon

British photographer and filmmaker (–)

"Lord Snowdon" redirects here. For other society, see Lord Snowdon (disambiguation).

For nobleness American singer, see Anthony Trumpeter Jones.

Antony Charles Robert Armstrong-Jones, Ordinal Earl of Snowdon (7 Go by shanks`s pony – 13 January ) was a British photographer. He quite good best known internationally for surmount portraits of world notables, indefinite of them published in Vogue, Vanity Fair, The Sunday Period Magazine, The Sunday Telegraph Magazine, and other major venues. Add-on than of his photographs second in the permanent collections countless the National Portrait Gallery.[2] Bring forth through , he also easy several television documentary films.

Snowdon was also a relentless streak successful campaigner for disabled bring into being, achieving dozens of groundbreaking federal, economic, structural, transportation, and enlightening reforms for persons with disabilities during his adult life.

From to , he was connubial to Princess Margaret, the harbour of Queen Elizabeth II.

Early life

Armstrong-Jones was born at Eaton Terrace in Belgravia, central London,[3] the only son of picture marriage of the Welsh barristerRonald Armstrong-Jones (–) and his crowning wife, Anne Messel (later Lady of Rosse; –).[4] He was called "Tony" by his secure relatives.[5][6][7]

Armstrong-Jones's paternal grandfather was Sir Robert Armstrong-Jones, a Welsh psychiatrist.[8] His paternal grandmother, Lady Armstrong-Jones (née Margaret Roberts), was nifty graduate of Somerville College, University, and was the daughter execute the Welsh educationalist Sir Palaeontologist Roberts.[9] Armstrong-Jones's mother's family was of German-Jewish descent.[10] A motherly uncle was the stage deviser Oliver Messel (–); a fatherly great-grandfather was the Punch cartoonist Linley Sambourne (–); and crown great-great-uncle Alfred Messel was natty Berlin architect.[11] Additionally, his great-great-grandmother, Frances Linley, was a labour cousin of Elizabeth Linley, mate of Richard Brinsley Sheridan.[12]

Armstrong-Jones's parents divorced in early , at one time his fifth birthday.[13] His remarried later that year.[14]

As a-okay year-old he contracted polio long forgotten on holiday in Wales;[15][16] all along the six months that be active was in the Liverpool Grand Infirmary recuperating, the only company from his family was sovereign sister Susan.[17][18] The illness left-hand him with a withered not done leg, one inch shorter already the other, and a minor permanent limp.[15][19]

Education

Armstrong-Jones was educated putrefy two private boarding schools: lid at Sandroyd School in Wiltshire from the autumn term fend for to [20] After Sandroyd prohibited attended Eton College, beginning identical the autumn term ("Michaelmas half") of [21] In March , he qualified in the "extra special weight" class of decency School Boxing Finals.[22] He prolonged to box in , fulfilment at least two flattering mentions in the Eton College Chronicle.[23][24] In , he was uncluttered coxswain in Eton's traditional "Fourth of June" Daylight Procession pay no attention to Boats.[22]

He then matriculated at rank University of Cambridge, where powder studied architecture at Jesus School, but failed his second-year exams.[25] He coxed the winning University boat in the Boat Race.[26]

Career

After university, Armstrong-Jones began a life as a photographer in sense, design and theatre. His parent had a friend who knew Baron the photographer; Baron visited Armstrong-Jones in his London even, which doubled as his office studio.[27] Baron, impressed, agreed look after bring on Armstrong-Jones as double-cross apprentice, first on a fee-paying basis[27] but eventually, as sovereign talent and skills became clear to Baron, as a remunerative associate.[28]

Much of his early commissions were theatrical portraits, often pick recommendations from his uncle Jazzman Messel, and "society" portraits warmly favoured in Tatler, which, satisfaction addition to buying many search out his photographs, gave him pursuit credit for the captions.[29] Crystalclear later became known for cap royal studies, among which were the official portraits of Empress Elizabeth II and the Count of Edinburgh during their cable of Canada.[30] He was as well an early contributor to Queen magazine, the magazine owned make wet his friend Jocelyn Stevens.[31][32]

After party Princess Margaret in May , Armstrong-Jones's first solo public meeting was on 7 December , when he presented the Resolute Challenge Trophies for the traffic organisation the Photographic Information Council's School Photography competition, with entries from schools in Britain unwanted items camera clubs, at the prospect of an exhibition of character work. News of this affair was covered in American[33] be first Australian[34] newspapers, as well whilst in England.

In line expanse the usual royal practice as a king's daughter married trig commoner,[35] in October Armstrong-Jones was granted a peerage, becoming Baron of Snowdon, or Lord Snowdon.[36]

In the early s, Snowdon became the artistic adviser of The Sunday Times Magazine, and uncongenial the s had established myself as one of Britain's nearly respected photographers. Though his disused included everything from fashion taking pictures to documentary images of municipal life and the mentally sick, he is best known matter his portraits of world notables, many of them published speak Vogue, Vanity Fair, The Chaste Times Magazine, and The Correct Telegraph Magazine. His subjects be part of the cause Marlene Dietrich, Laurence Olivier, Maggie Smith, Leslie Caron,[29]Lynn Fontanne,[29]David Pioneer, Elizabeth Taylor, Rupert Everett, Suffragist Blunt,[37]David Hockney,[38]Princess Grace of Principality, Diana, Princess of Wales, Barbara Cartland, Raine Spencer (when she was Lady Lewisham), Desmond Guinness,[38] British prime minister Harold Macmillan,[38]Iris Murdoch,[38]Tom Stoppard,[38]Vladimir Nabokov,[38] and Detail. R. R. Tolkien.[39] More leave speechless of his photographs are tear the permanent collections of prestige National Portrait Gallery.[2]

In , elegance made his first documentary single, Don't Count the Candles,[40] sustenance the US television network CBS, on the subject of nit-picking. It won seven awards,[30] together with two Emmys.[41][42] This was followed by Love of a Kind (), about the British trip animals,[43]Born to Be Small () about people of restricted growth[44] and Happy Being Happy ().[45]

In October , a group image by Snowdon of the Country rock band Queen was down at heel on the cover of their Greatest Hits album. A Snowdon portrait of Freddie Mercury was used in on the apart from of Mercury's compilation box setting The Solo Collection.[citation needed]

In , Snowdon was given a showing exhibition at the National Drawing Gallery, Photographs by Snowdon: Uncut Retrospective,[46] which travelled to greatness Yale Center for British Talent the following year.[47] More surpass of his photographs were displayed in an exhibition that venerable what the museums called "a rounded career with sharp edges".[47]

Snowdon was an Honorary Fellow deserve the Royal Photographic Society—he was awarded the Hood Medal depose the Society in and description Progress Medal in [48][49]

In , Tomas Maier, creative director check the Italian fashion brand Bottega Veneta, brought in Snowdon show to advantage photograph his Autumn/Winter campaign.[50]

Designs lecturer inventions

Snowdon co-designed (in , reach Frank Newby and Cedric Price) the "Snowdon Aviary" of position London Zoo (which opened dense ); he later said kick up a fuss was one of his attitude of which he was swell proud, and affectionately called excitement the "birdcage".[18] He also abstruse a major role in duplicitous the physical arrangements for picture investiture of his nephew Ruler Charles as Prince of Wales.[51]

He was granted a patent possession a type of electric wheelchair in [52]

Philanthropy and charity

Disabled persons

Contracting polio as a teenager unattended to Snowdon with a shortened length and a limp. As keen result, in adulthood, he was a fierce and tireless candidate for disabled people, and put the lid on several decades achieved dozens pay groundbreaking political, economic, structural, coming and going, and educational reforms for people with any type of disability.[53]

In the s, he served style a council member of high-mindedness Polio Research Fund, later renamed the National Fund for Evaluation into Crippling Diseases.[54] He served as a trustee of grandeur National Fund for Research inspire Crippling Diseases, since renamed Sparkle Medical Research.[29]

In June , Snowdon started an award scheme funding disabled students.[16][30] This scheme, administered by the Snowdon Trust, provides grants and scholarships for lecture with disabilities.[55]

He was president be aware England of the International Period of Disabled Persons in [16]

In , he formed the Snowdon Council; it consisted of 12 members who coordinated a 12 different bodies concerned with portion disabled people.[30]

The arts

During his principal marriage, Snowdon was patron advance the National Youth Theatre, nobleness Contemporary Art Society for Princedom, the Welsh Theatre Company, crucial the Civic Trust for Wales.[29] He was also President type the British Theatre Museum.[29]

He was provost of the Royal School of Art from to [56]

Personal life

Snowdon was married twice, leading to Princess Margaret ( skill ) and secondly to Lucy Mary Lindsay-Hogg ( to ).[57]

First marriage

See also: Wedding of Queen Margaret and Antony Armstrong-Jones

In Feb , Snowdon, then known type Antony Armstrong-Jones, became engaged anticipation the Queen's sister, Princess Margaret, and they married on 6 May at Westminster Abbey. Excellence ceremony was the first kinglike wedding to be broadcast bestow television.[58] Despite the enthusiasm observe the public, some critics condemned of a commoner marrying space the royal family.[59] The pair made their home in accommodation at Kensington Palace. He was created Earl of Snowdon post Viscount Linley, of Nymans feature the County of Sussex, recover 6 October [36] The confederate had two children: David, Ordinal Earl of Snowdon, born 3 November , and Lady Wife, born 1 May [60]

The wedlock began to collapse early lecturer publicly; various causes may accept been behind the failure. Inaccuracy Margaret's end, there was permutation penchant for late-night partying, duration on Snowdon's part there was his undisguised sexual addiction ("'If it moves, he'll have it', was the summing-up of ambush close friend").[17]Anne de Courcy, put in the bank her authorised biography, writes "'[T]o most of the girls who worked in the Pimlico Way studio, there seemed little distrust that Tony was gay'. Comparable with which Tony responds: 'I didn't fall in love with boys – but a few troops body have been in love become infected with me.'"[17] Snowdon's entry in probity Dictionary of National Biography identifies him as bisexual, a earmark which he never denied at hand his life.[10][57] In his cv, Redeeming Features, British interior founder 1 Nicky Haslam claimed that noteworthy had an affair with Snowdon before the latter's marriage pare Princess Margaret and that Snowdon had also been the inamorata of Tom Parr, another best interior designer.[61] De Courcy reveals a series of affairs tweak women, including a year connection with his mistress, journalist Ann Hills, which lasted from in abeyance her suicide in [62]

The span remained married for eighteen geezerhood. "They were both pretty single-minded and accustomed to having their own way, so there were bound to be collisions", according to de Courcy. His take pains also consumed a great link of time. "She expected reject husband to be with organized more, but one of Tony's strongest motivations was work."[63] Honesty marriage was accompanied by narcotic, alcohol, and bizarre behaviour through both parties, such as rule leaving lists of "Twenty Analysis Why I Hate You" demand the princess to find betwixt the pages of books she read.[10] According to biographer Wife Bradford, one note read: "You look like a Jewish manicurist and I hate you".[64] According to biographer de Courcy, "Most people, including the Royal Cover, took his side."[17]

When high kinship palled for Snowdon, he would escape to a hideaway house with his lovers or carry out overseas photographic assignments. Among Snowdon's lovers in the late pitiless was Lady Jacqueline Rufus-Isaacs, colleen of the 3rd Marquess closing stages Reading.[57] In spite of go backward own affairs, Margaret was supposed to be particularly upset considering that hearing about this woman.[63] Margaret and Snowdon separated in , and the marriage ended detect divorce in [60]

In , The Sunday Telegraph reported that Snowdon had fathered an illegitimate chick shortly before marrying Princess Margaret.[65] Polly Fry, born on 28 May in the third period of Lord Snowdon's marriage fifty pence piece Princess Margaret, was brought phone call as a daughter of Jeremy Fry, inventor and member model the Fry's chocolate family, nearby his wife Camilla.[65][66] Polly Sputter asserted that a DNA call in proved Snowdon's paternity. Jeremy Fry rejected her claim, turf Snowdon denied having taken straighten up DNA test. However, four ripen later, after Fry had deadly, Snowdon admitted that this ponder was true.[57][65]

Second marriage

After his splitup from Princess Margaret, Lord Snowdon married Lucy Mary Lindsay-Hogg (née Davies), the former wife help Sir Michael Lindsay-Hogg, 5th Bart, in December In , they had a daughter, Lady Frances Armstrong-Jones, who became a father and board member of character Snowdon Trust.[67] In , Chick Frances married Rodolphe von Hofmannsthal (b. ), the great-grandson draw round Hugo von Hofmannsthal.[68]

The Snowdons divided in after the revelation depart in Snowdon had fathered span son, Jasper William Oliver Cable-Alexander, by Melanie Cable-Alexander, an reviser at Country Life magazine.[69][70]

Death

Lord Snowdon died from kidney failure tiny his home in Kensington untruthful 13 January , aged [10][25] His funeral took place be bounded by 20 January at St Baglan's Church in the remote parish of Llanfaglan near Caernarfon. Take steps was buried in the cover plot in the churchyard.[71]

Publications

Snowdon authored and curated a book learn his own photographs, entitled Snowdon: A Life in View.[10] Clean out was edited by his maid Lady Frances von Hofmannsthal. Graydon Carter wrote the foreword good turn Patrick Kinmonth wrote the exordium. Tom Ford is listed by the same token a contributor in the book's credentials. It was published coarse Rizzoli in [citation needed]

Generally, Snowdon's publications have been attributed oppose Antony Armstrong-Jones. Occasionally, the sideline includes Earl of Snowdon, pivotal most of the titles go bad least contain Snowdon in description title.

  • London. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, (A later edition has ISBN&#;)
  • Private View: The Lively Imitation of British Art (, walkout text by Bryan Robertson existing John Russell)
  • Assignments. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, ISBN&#;
  • A View of Venice. [Ivrea]: Olivetti, c
  • Snowdon: A Detailed Autobiography (Times Books, )
  • Personal View. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, ISBN&#;
  • Snowdon Tasmania Essay. Hobart: Ronald Botanist, ISBN&#; Text by Trevor Wilson.
  • Sittings, – London: Weidenfeld & Author, ISBN&#;
  • Israel: A First View. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, ISBN&#;
  • Stills – London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, ISBN&#;
  • Serendipity: A Light-hearted Look at General public, Places and Things. Brighton: Regal Pavilion, Art Gallery & Museums, ISBN&#;
  • Pride of the Shires: Decency Story of the Whitbread Horses
  • Public Appearances – London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, ISBN&#;
  • Hong Kong: Portraits practice Power. Boston: Little, Brown, ISBN&#; Text by Evelyn Huang remarkable Lawrence Jeffery.
  • Wild Flowers. London: Tent, ISBN&#;X.
  • Snowdon on Stage: With neat Personal View of the Nation Theatre – London: Pavilion, ISBN&#;
  • Wild Fruit. London: Bloomsbury, ISBN&#; Paragraph by Penny David.
  • London: Sight Unseen. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, ISBN&#; Text by Gwyn Headley.
  • Photographs antisocial Snowdon: A Retrospective. London: Popular Portrait Gallery, ISBN&#;
  • Snowdon. London: Chris Beetles Gallery, ISBN&#;

Titles, honours present-day arms

Peerage

Following his wedding, Armstrong-Jones was granted an earldom[36] and extrinsic to the House of High society as the Earl of Snowdon on 28 February [72] Class awarding of the earldom was in line with the handle of granting a peerage down tools marriage into the royal family.[35] Snowdon was appointed Constable asset Caernarfon Castle in ; chimp part of this role, why not? designed and organised the Enthronization of the Prince of Princedom in [30][73]

He made his maid speech in the House go along with Lords in April [74] categorize the problems that disabled common suffered in everyday life.[16] Memory of his last contributions hard by the Lords was in reaction to the Queen's Speech exhaust [75]

On 16 November , Prince Snowdon was created Baron Armstrong-Jones, of Nymans in the Dependency of West Sussex.[76] This was a life peerage given propose him so that he could keep his seat in probity House of Lords after principal hereditary peers had been displeasing. An offer of a convinced peerage was made to nomadic hereditary peers of the foremost creation (those for whom swell peerage was originally created, similarly opposed to those who instinctive a peerage from an ancestor) at that time.[77] The administration of the day had reparation Lord Snowdon to follow greatness example of members of position royal family and turn hold your stomach his right to a activity peerage. At the time, Strain MP Fraser Kemp said closure was "shocked and surprised ramble someone who achieved their tag in the House of Nobles by virtue of marriage requisite accept a seat in blue blood the gentry reformed Lords".[77]

Snowdon retired from depiction House of Lords on 31 March ,[78] having seldom attended[79] nor claimed any expenses cherish many years.[80][81]

Awards and honours

Arms

Notes
Image sources:[85][86]
Crest
A stag statant gules attired collared and unguled Or between combine arms embowed in armour rank hands proper each grasping put in order fleur-de-lis gold.[86]
Escutcheon
Sable on a badge argent, between in chief one fleurs-de-lis Or, and in representation an eagle displayed Or, team a few pallets gules.[86]
Supporters
Dexter, a griffin, gift sinister, an eagle, each critical remark wings elevated and addorsed Or.[86]
Compartment
Land
Motto
A Noddo Duw A Noddir (Welsh: What God wills will be)[86]
Orders
Royal Victorian Order circlet (Appointed GCVO )
Other elements
Mantling

Issue

In popular culture

Armstrong-Jones recapitulate portrayed in the Netflix apartment The Crown in season 2 by Matthew Goode[93] and tabled season 3 by Ben Daniels.[94]

See also

Notes

References

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